MapReduce is a programming model for distributed computation on big data sets in parallel. It's a module in the Apache Hadoop open source ecosystem, and a range of queries may be done based on the algorithms available. Here's when it's suitable (and not suitable) to use MapReduce for generating and processing data.

Some people think a good indication that a piece of work is done is if it's been tested. But by whom, and how? Testing alone doesn’t specifically determine whether you are done—especially when we probably don’t mean the same thing when we all talk about testing. Here are two ways to know when your work is truly done.

Testing is all about gathering information, and the most direct way to gather information is by asking questions. The more questions we ask (tests we perform), the more answers we receive (information we gain). But some questions are harder than others and require more human involvement. Let automation handle the easy!