It's not the job of a leader to be likable. Still, for most leaders, there's little to be gained—and possibly much to lose—by being unlikable. But what makes someone likable isn't obvious. What traits and actions should a leader exhibit if he or she wants to be effective as well as likable?

People say you shouldn't manage your manager. But when you reach a point when you are overwhelmed with work, it’s time to fend for yourself and say no. However, you don't have to use threats or ultimatums. Read on to learn how you can stand up to your manager without sacrificing tact—or your job.

The psychological term "confirmation bias" means that once you have a certain belief, you tend to see evidence that supports that belief and to ignore, belittle, or miss evidence that refutes it. This can make you narrow-minded. Instead, try to seek evidence that challenges or refutes your beliefs.